Amateka y’abanyamulenge n’inkomoko yabo ese bakomoka he, amateka abavugaho iki ?
Amateka agaragaza ko hari abanyarwanda benshi bageze muri kivu yepfo mu myaka ya 1880 hatangwa impamvu ebyiri ziryo yimuka ry’abanyarwanda berekeje muri Congo impamvu ya mbere nuko aba bimukira bari biganjemo abatutsi bari batangiye kwigumura kubwami bw’URWANDA bavugako bari barambiwe imisoro ihanitse yari imaze gushyirwaho n’umwami kigeri wa gatanu Rwabugiri wategekaga URWANDA muri icyo gihe.
Impamvu ya kabiri nuko bari bahunze ubugizi bwanabi bwo mumvurururu zo 1895 zaje zikurikira urupfu rw’umwami kigeri wa gatanu Rwabugiri harimo intambara yo kurunshunshu amateka avugako itsinda ryaberekeje muri kivu yepho ryari ryinganjemo abatutsi bamwe na bamwe bahoze ari abantu bakomeye bahoze mukizuru kingoma y’ubwami abandi nanone barikumwe nabo bari abantu ba bahutu ba bagaragu babo ariko nanone hakaba nabandi bantu bari baraje gukira nyuma bagakora ibyo bitaga kwihutura bivu kuba bari abahutu mbere bakaza guhinduka abatutsi banjyana nabandi batutsi bari bavuye mu Rwanda banjya kwibera muri Congo nubundi bahunga Ingoma ya cyami.
Aba bimukira bimukiye mu gihugu cya Congo batuye mubice bya Ruzizi mu misozi ya Kitongwe amateka avugako baje kuba muriyo misozi kandi ikababera myiza cyane bahashyira ingo zabo kandi zikomeye amateka avugako hari ubwatsi bwizacyane kandi butoshye babonaga aho kororera amatungo yabo doreko hafi yabantu bari bagiye gutura muriyo misozi bari abarozi hafi yabose kitongwe n’imisozo iri kubutumburuke bwa metero ibihumbi bitatu ubushyo bw’inka zabo bwabayeho neza cyane burisha ubwatsi butoshye abimukira ba banyarwanda bavuye imihanda yose bakomeje bakomeje kweretseza muri kivu y’amanjyepho bamwe bakanjyenda bagiye gupagaza kuri bene wabo ba banyarwanda kiriye hakurya iyo abandi bakanjyenda bagiye gupagasiriza abakoroni.
Amateka akomeza avuga kubakoroni ba babirigi bakoraga ubucukuzi bwa mabuye bakoreraga muri katanga muri Congo ko bahaye akazi abanyarwanda binshi kugeza aho batangiye kwisanga muri ya miryango mubice bya Congo hari abanyarwanda benshi bavuye mu Rwanda banjya gukorera ibigo bya babirigi byacukuraga amabuye yagaciro muri Congo ariko amateka akanavugako nabanyarwanda bari hakurya nabo batangiye kubona akazi muri ibyo bigo ariko uko ababirigi bimukaga niko nabo bakoreshaga bimukaga nkuko byari bimeze mu Rwanda uko imiryango ya bakire yimukaga yimukanaga na bagaragu bayo.
Mu mwaka 1930 umuryango wabanyarwanda wabaga muri Congo wariyongereye cyane haza nokwiyongeraho umunzi nyinshi za batutsi bahunze iminduramatwara 1959 kumwe 1960 niminduramatwara zari ziyobowe na Gregoire Kayibanda waje nokuba perezida w’Urwanda mu myaka kandi yari yabanje hari abandi bari bahunze, bahunga ikoreshwa ryimirimo ivunanye kandi ikarishye abanyarwanda bakoreshwaga nabakoroni hari n’abandi banyarwanda benshi baje guhunga bo mubwoko bwa batutsi igihe ibintu byari bimeze nabi mu Rwanda itotezwa rya batutsi rikaze hagati yumwaka 1959 na 1964 ariko hari nabahunze mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho nko mu mwaka 1973.
Muri iyo myaka abanyamulenge benshi bari bariyunze kunyeshyamba za simba zari zirimo abantu benshi bari bashyigikiye Patrice Lumumba mu mwaka 1964 na 1965 nyuma ibintu byaje guhindaka baza guhundura uruhande rwabo ubwo hazaga inyeshyamba zishaka abacacuro barwanira umugabo warukomeye cyane waruzi kwizina rya jean chikaram uyu mugabo yahanganye ningabo za goverinoma ya Congo yaje nogufata igice cyinini cya Congo y’iburasirazuba ashaka kugitegeka.
Abacacuro n’ingabo za leta barimo bahanganira nubundi ibice abanyamulenge bari barahawe buri umwe ashaka kugaburira ingabo ze amatungo ya banyamulenge babaga baragiye muri iyo mu iyo misozi yasaga naho ibereye ubworozi abanyamulenge bavanze nabanyarwanda babonyeko inyeshyamba zibarembeje zibasahura amatungo yabo begereye perezida wa Congo icyo gihe yari Mumbutu Sese Seko bamusaba kubaha intwaro(imbunda) bakamufasha kurwanya izo nyeshyamba aho ziva zikanjyera.
Amateka avugako kongoma ya Mumbutu inyeshyamba nyinshi zishwe kubufatanye n’abanyamulenge kandi akaba murizo nyeshyambazi zishwe inyinshi zikaba zari izomubwoko bwa Babembe bari bazazwe baturanye n’abanyamulenge byabaye amakimbirane yibihe byose kugeza na nuba bigikomeje ababembe bafatanyaga ninyeshyambaza za jean chikaram bavugako byanze bikunze bagomba kwihorera bakivuna umwanzi witwa umunyamulenge watumye batsindwa benshi bakanicwa amateka avugako ubungubu aho umunyamulenge aciye umubembe ahanyuza umuriro nanone aho umubembe aciye umunyamulenge ahanyuza umuriro niyo mateka akomeje kuranga ububanyi bwa babembe na banyamulenge .
Nyuma inyeshyamba zimaze gutsindwa na leta ya Congo ibifashijwemo nabanyamulenge leta ya Congo yatangiye kugabira abanyamulenge bamwe mubanyamulenge babonye imyanya ikomeye bashyirwa mubushorishori bw’ubutegetsi bwa Congo abandi mu gisirikare abandi baba abanyemari bakomeye abandi bashinga amatorero ni nsengero zikomeye muri Congo kurundi ruhanze ubwoko bwa babembe kubera kwigomeka kubutegetsi batangiye gukandamizwa kuburyo bugaragara amatega avugako muri Congo ntayindi Ngoma yatetesheje abanyamulenge nki Ngoma ya Mumbutu.
Muminduramatwara abanyamulenge bari bazwiho korora inka sibyo basigaye bazwiho gusa ahubwo bitewe nimbaraga bari bafite kandi bashyigikiwe na leta ya Congo batangiye kwagura aho babaga bahagira hagari kandi nkubwoko babaga ahantu hamwe kandi hihariye handadukanye nahandi bagombaga kwimura abandi bantu baturanye kandi babaga ari ubwoko butandukanye baguye bagana mu manjyepho muri Momba na Karimimi mugiye anandi baguye berekeza muri Rusizi nimubice byari byiganjemo abarundi bagerayo bagayita bayobora ntawe babajije bamwe bagumye mu mugi wa bukavu cyangwa se Uvira .
Amateka agaragaza gukira kudasazwe kwa banyamulenge bakize vuba gusa nyuma batangiye kwikubira bose kandi bonyine byatumye igice cya mulenge ari naho izina ryabo abanyamulenge ryaturutse batangiye kuvugako aho bari ari ubutaka bwabo bw’isezerano kuva icyo gihe batangiye kwanga kwitwa abanyarwanda kuberako byari gutuma bafatwa nkabanyamahanga kandi Mumbutu yarabahaye ubwene gihugu akabaha n’ubutaka akanabashyira mubutegetsi kuva icyo gihe bamaze gufata ibice byose bya mulenge batangiye kwamagana umuntu wese wabita abahutu cyangwa umututsi cyangwa abanyarwanda cyangwa se izina ryose ryabahuza n’Urwanda.
1971 nibwo perezida Mumbutu Sese Seko yahaye ubwene gihugu abanyamulenye bageze muri Congo bahunze mu mwaka 1959 na 1963 mu mwaka 1976 nibwo ijambo banyamulenge ryatangiye gukoreshwa cyane maze riranamamara cyane ryakoreshwjwe numunyamulenge wari umuminisitiri abanyamulenge babaga muri kivu yepfo bakanaba muri kivu ya ruguru gusa hari ubundi bwoko bwabantu ba banande na hunde batangiye kutumvikana nabanyamulenge ububwoko nabwo buvugako bwaba bukomoka mu Rwanda gusa nubwo inkomoko yabo nigiye bagiriye muri Congo bitazwi neza.
Mu mwaka 1981 Zaire(RDC) yashyizeho itegeko rivugako abantu bose bomuburasirazuba bwa Congo bazahabwa ubwene gihugu hashingiye kuba uzahabwa ubwene gihugu azaba afite ibisekuruza bya Congo uhereye mu mwaka 1885 mwibuke umwaka twahereyeho hejuru hari ubwoko bwa Bafuriro bari mubice bimwe nabanyamulenge batangiye kubamagana bavugako bise gutya(abanyamulenge) kugirango biyitiriye akagace ka mulenge kugirango bavugeko ariho bavukiye kandi ari agace kabo kagakondo nimugihe abanyamulenge nabo bavugako aka gace nabo ari akabo ibintu batangiye kuba agatogo mugice cy’iburasirazuba bwa Congo.
1994 umunzi zongeye kwisuka muri Congo zimwe zinanjya mubice byari byariswe kari ibya banyamulenge ubuyobozi bwatangiye kwaka abanyamulenge ubutaka bwabo bagizwemo uruhare nabantu twakomojeho Ababembe kobahora bahanganye iteka ryose umunzi zahungiye Congo hari hinganjemo abahutu benshi kumwe n’ingabo zabasirikare bari bavuye mu Rwanda bamwe muri abo ngabo bashinjwaga ibyaha bya jenoside yarimaze kuba mu Rwanda .
Ku ngoma ya Laurent-Désiré Kabila abanyamulenge byaje kubabera bibi aho yagiye kubutegetsi avugako umuntu wese ufite aho ahuriye n’ingabo z’Urwanda agomba ku rwanywa byivuye inyuma akarwanywa nkumwanzi wa Congo muri iki gihe abanyamulenge nabo bari mubagomba ku rwanywa kandi batangira kuba abanzi bakongo mwibuke Laurent-Désiré Kabila yagize kubutegetse afashijwe ningabo za FPR yatagiye guha intwaro nyinshi imitwe yabamayimayi n’ingabo za bahutu zari uri Congo aha FPR yagarutse muri Congo nayo itanga intwaro anbanyamulenge nyuma abanyamulenge bitandukanyije ningabo z’urwanda haduka umutwe mushya witwa “M23” batangira kuba abatoni kungoma ya kabira gusa byatumye baba abanzi bubundi bwoko iyobabacaga murihumye barabatotezaga bigatinda baziraga ikintu kimwe gusa kuba abanyamulenge batari kavukire muri Congo kandi ubundi bwoko bwababonaga nkabanyarwanda kurusha kuba ba babonamo kari kavukire ya Congo kandi bagatona mubutegetsi .
Ngibyo imva nimvano yibiri kubera muri Congo kugeza ubu ariko sitwavugako ibiri kubera muri Congo ubugizi bwa nabi buri gukorerwa abanyamulenge butagize aho buhuriye 100% n’amateka yurugamba yaranze imyaka myinshi uhereye 1880-